Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amandla e-hydrogen aphinde avela njengesihloko esibalulekile emkhakheni omusha wamandla. Imboni ye-hydrogen ibhalwe ngokucacile njengenye yezimboni ezisafufusa ezisemngceleni ezibalulekile ukuze zithuthukiswe, eduze nemikhakha efana nezinto ezintsha kanye nemithi emisha. Imibiko igcizelela isidingo sokutshala ngentshiseko izinjini ezintsha zokukhula, okuhlanganisa i-bio-manufacturing, i-aerospace yezentengiselwano, kanye nomnotho osezingeni eliphansi, kuyilapho kubekwe ngokucacile eqhulwini ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-hydrogen okokuqala ngqa. Lokhu kugcizelela amandla amakhulu e-hydrogen energy.
Njengamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen okusekelwe emalahleni kubusa ukwakhiwa kwe-supply, okubalelwa ku-64%, kulandelwa yi-industrial by-product hydrogen (21%), i-hydrogen esekelwe kugesi yemvelo (14%), nezinye izindlela (1%). Lokhu kuveza ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen okusekelwe kuphethiloli kubamba ukubusa okuphelele ku-99%, kuyilapho i-electrolysis-based "hydrogen eluhlaza" nezinye izindlela zihlala zincane. Ngenxa yalokho, iziteshi zamanje zokugcwalisa i-hydrogen ngokuyinhloko zisebenzisa imodeli elandelayo yokukhiqiza-isitoreji-zokuthutha: Izinkampani ze-Petrochemical ezindaweni ezikude zikhiqiza i-hydrogen kusuka kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, cindezela i-hydrogen enengcindezi ephansi (imvamisa engu-~1.5MPa) iye ku-~20MPa isebenzisa ama-compressor, futhi iyigcine kuma-trailer angamashubhu angu-22MPa. I-hydrogen ibe isithuthelwa eziteshini zokuthela uphethiloli, lapho icindezela okwesibili ku-45MPa ezimotweni zamaseli kaphethiloli. Le modeli ehlukene ngokwendawo inyusa izindleko zokuhamba, izindleko zemishini, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi, kuyilapho igcinwa ivinjelwe ukukhiqizwa kwe-“grey hydrogen” encike kuphethiloli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwemithetho yamanje, i-hydrogen ihlukaniswa njengekhemikhali eyingozi evuthayo futhi eqhumayo. Ngenxa yalokho, amaphrojekthi okukhiqiza i-hydrogen agxile kakhulu emapaki amakhemikhali akude anokuphepha okuqinile kanye nezidingo zemvelo.
Ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukayo be-electrolysis, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen eluhlaza ziyancipha kancane kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinqubomgomo zemvelo ezifana "nokuphakama kwekhabhoni kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" zishayela i-hydrogen eluhlaza ukuthi ibe inkomba ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi esikhathini esizayo. I-International Energy Agency ibikezela ukuthi ngo-2030, ubuchwepheshe be-carbon hydrogen ephansi njenge-electrolysis buzoba ngu-14% wemakethe ye-hydrogen, okunomthelela omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwesiteshi sokugcwalisa amafutha. Ukukhiqizwa okusekelwe ku-Electrolysis, ne-feedstock yayo elula futhi efinyelelekayo, yenza ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen ngaphezu kwamapaki amakhemikhali endabuko. Ukucindezelwa okuqondile kwendawo okukhiqizwe i-hydrogen ukuze kufakwe amafutha emoto kuqeda ukuthuthwa okude nokucindezelwa kwesibili, kwehlisa ngempumelelo izindleko zezomnotho nezesikhathi.
Ukuze uzivumelanise nochungechunge lokunikezwa kwe-hydrogen okusekelwe kuphethiloli ovamile, izinhlobo ezimbili zama-diaphragm compressor okwamanje zibusa imakethe: 1) Amayunithi okugcwalisa i-Hydrogen ane-~1.5MPa yokucindezela kokuthatha kanye ne-20-22MPa yokukhishwa kwengcindezi; 2) Ama-compressor esiteshi sokugcwalisa amafutha anengcindezi yokuthatha engu-5-20MPa kanye nengcindezi yokukhipha engu-45MPa. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo yezigaba ezimbili idinga ukusebenza okuhlelekile kwawo womabili amayunithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho umfutho we-cylinder yokugcina i-hydrogen wehla ngaphansi kuka-5MPa, ama-compressor afaka amafutha angasebenzi, okuholela emazingeni aphansi okusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen.
Ngokuphambene, iziteshi ezididiyelwe zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen zibonisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Kulo modeli, i-hydrogen esuka ku-electrolysis ingacindezelwa ngokuqondile ukusuka ku-~1.5MPa iye ku-45MPa kusetshenziswa i-compressor eyodwa ye-diaphragm, kunciphisa kakhulu okokusebenza kanye nezindleko zesikhathi. I-threshold yengcindezi yokuthatha ephansi (1.5MPa vs. 5MPa) iphinde ithuthukise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-electrolysis buthuthuka, iziteshi ze-hydrogen ezihlanganisiwe kulindeleke ukuthi zithole ukutholwa okubanzi, ziqhubekisele isidingo semakethe sama-compressor we-diaphragm angu-1.5MPa-to-45MPa. Inkampani yethu inamakhono aphelele wokuklama nokukhiqiza ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zalesi simo sohlelo lokusebenza. Ngenani elikhulayo lokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza, iziteshi ezihlanganisiwe kulindeleke ukuthi zande, zandise kokubili amathuba okusetshenziswa kwama-diaphragm compressor kanye nephothifoliyo yomkhiqizo wethu ngenkathi iletha izixazululo ezintsha zokufaka amafutha.
Noma kunjalo, izinselele ziyaqhubeka nokwakhiwa kweziteshi ze-hydrogen ezididiyelwe kanye nama-compressor ahlobene, okuhlanganisa izindleko eziphezulu ze-electrolysis, ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali ayingozi e-hydrogen, nengqalasizinda ye-hydrogen engaphelele. Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngempumelelo kuzobaluleka ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo ezididiyelwe zamandla e-hydrogen.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-27-2025